Dry Eye Disease: A Case-Based Review by Ms. Sarah Farrant

June 27, 2021
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Online Optom Learning Series (OOLS) Sessions

Ms. Sarah Farrant, a practicing optometrist, begins by explaining dry eye disease briefly.

  1. Definition 
  2. Classification 
  3. Pathogenesis 
  4. Practitioner guide 

After discussing the basics of dry eye disease, we walk through a case study to understand the condition better.

  1. Case History 
  2. Assessment 
  3. Diagnostic Workup 
  4. Differentiating Blepharitis 
  5. Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) 
    1. Etiology 
    2. Meibography 
    3. Grading scheme 
    4. Cicatricail vs Non-cicatricail MGD 
  6. Treatment plan 
    1. In-office 
    2. At home 

The talk is summarized with a management plan for the patient. The session ends with a question and answers segment for the live audience.

References

Papers

Craig JP, Nelson JD, Azar DT, Belmonte C, Bron AJ, Chauhan SK, de Paiva CS, Gomes JAP, Hammitt KM, Jones L, Nichols JJ, Nichols KK, Novack GD, Stapleton FJ, Willcox MDP, Wolffsohn JS, Sullivan DA. TFOS DEWS II Report Executive Summary. Ocul Surf. 2017 Oct;15(4):802-812.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28797892/

Baudouin C, Messmer EM, Aragona P, Geerling G, Akova YA, Benítez-del-Castillo J, Boboridis KG, Merayo-Lloves J, Rolando M, Labetoulle M. Revisiting the vicious circle of dry eye disease: a focus on the pathophysiology of meibomian gland dysfunction. Br J Ophthalmol. 2016 Mar;100(3):300-6.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26781133/

Obata H. Anatomy and histopathology of human meibomian gland. Cornea. 2002 Oct;21(7 Suppl):S70-4.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12484702/

Pult H, Riede-Pult BH, Nichols JJ. Relation between upper and lower lids’ meibomian gland morphology, tear film, and dry eye. Optom Vis Sci. 2012 Mar;89(3):E310-5.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22246333/

Opitz D, Harthan J, Fromstein S, Hauswirth S. Diagnosis and management of meibomian gland dysfunction: optometrists’ perspective. Clin Optom (Auckl). 2015;7:59-69

https://www.dovepress.com/diagnosis-and-management-of-meibomian-gland-dysfunction-optometrists39-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTO

Yamaguchi M, Kutsuna M, Uno T, Zheng X, Kodama T, Ohashi Y. Marx line: fluorescein staining line on the inner lid as indicator of meibomian gland function. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Apr;141(4):669-75.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16564801/

Stonecipher K, Potvin R. Low level light therapy for the treatment of recalcitrant chalazia: a sample case summary. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019 Sep 5;13:1727-1733.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31564823/

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